Exploring the Potential of Satellite Connectivity

Communication satellite to overcome terrestrial limitations.
Tech & Telco

Explore the transformative power of satellite connectivity in today's digital era. From overcoming terrestrial limitations to enhancing global connectivity, satellite technology is reshaping the future.

Florian Hollender
Florian Hollender
Nadjim Sarwary
Nadjim Sarwary
Jana Stapelbroek
Jana Stapelbroek
In today's fast-paced digital era, ubiquitous connectivity is essential for businesses and societies. To address the current limitations of ground-based (terrestrial) networks, satellite connectivity bridges the gaps: whether facing a complete lack of terrestrial coverage (white spots), insufficient or temporarily interrupted service, a link from the sky can help out.

These days, satellite internet is all the rage, but why?

After all, voice and data connections via satellite are nothing new at all – commercial satellite phones and internet-through-satellite have been available for decades. What has reignited attention on the topic and fueled competition among billionaires and nations in another space race is mostly based on technological advances in recent years that enable a new generation of services.

In the past, few large Geostationary satellites (altitude: ~36,000km, with a fixed position above Earth) were used to provide voice and data services. The new generation gets much closer: LEO (low earth orbit) satellites are zooming around the Earth at breakneck speeds and at shallow altitudes between 200 to 2,000 km. LEO-based services offer drastically better performance. By getting closer, latency is reduced, and each satellite only covers a small area on the ground, creating much more bandwidth capacity. On the flip side, this necessitates large constellations of small satellites. For instance, Starlink has already deployed over 5,000 of them, and current plans of multiple providers will bring this number to the tens of thousands (which also raises questions about managing space debris, avoiding collisions, and addressing “light pollution” caused by reflections that hinder space observation). In recent years, building and operating commercial LEO constellations has become feasible, as economies of scale have arrived for production and launches of satellites.

This is the tech side – what’s in it for you?

Consumers (B2C) can experience even better connectivity solutions. In areas where broadband/fiber rollout is slow or nonexistent, satellite can replace or boost current connections. When on vacation, you can bring your satellite dish to the most remote locations. First emergency call options via satellite are already on the market for mobile phones, and in a few years, handheld devices will be able to seamlessly switch between terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial Networks, eliminating white spots, at least outdoors.

For businesses (B2B), satellite connectivity is used as insurance against network blackouts on the ground for mission-critical applications. Similar to the benefits for consumers, satellite enables businesses to connect with remote locations or boost existing connectivity where fiber is not economically viable or not yet available. Additionally, satellite technology enhances IoT and mobile applications, bridging coverage gaps globally and enabling worldwide services.

In the government sector (B2G), satellite connectivity proves invaluable in remote and challenging terrains. Governments and the military profit from the same performance improvements, capitalizing on enhanced capabilities, and exploring new use cases made possible by LEO constellations. The adaptability and resilience of satellite technology make it an indispensable asset for governments navigating unforeseen challenges: when terrestrial networks are interrupted on a large scale, such as in natural disasters or during wars, satellite helps to stay connected and coordinate efforts on the ground.

Of course, these new capabilities in the sky also impact the providers of networks on the ground. Telecommunication providers are rushing to position themselves strategically, driving partnerships as well as technical development and standardization. Given the substantial investments that incumbents and new entrants like Amazon are making in LEO internet, interoperability and collaboration seem to be better bets than trying to close off incumbent markets.

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